Pediatric surgery (AE) or paediatric surgery (BE) is a subspecialty of surgery involving the surgery of fetuses, infants, children, adolescents, and young adults.

Common pediatric diseases that may require pediatric surgery include

• congenital malformations: lymphangioma, cleft lip and palate, esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula, hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, intestinal atresia, necrotizing enterocolitis, meconium plugs, Hirschsprung’s disease, imperforate anus, undescended testes,…
• abdominal wall defects: omphalocele, gastroschisis, hernias,…
• chest wall deformities: pectus excavatum
• childhood tumors: like neuroblastoma, Wilms’ tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, ATRT, liver tumors, teratomas,…
• Separation of conjoined twins